Introduction
Windows services are a good way to reduce some manual jobs that we have to do in our system. In this piece, we are going to write a Windows service using Asp.Net core. The jobs tasked to this Windows service is as follows:
- Zip the folder and save the file to a particular directory
- Upload the zipped folder to the Azure blob storage
The above-mentioned tasks will be running daily, weekly, or monthly. We are using the Quartz scheduler with Dependency Injection to do these amazing tasks. We are using Nlog to log the details of our tasks. If this interests you, then you are in the right place. Let’s develop our PerfectScheduler.
Source Code
The source code of this project has been uploaded to GitHub. Please feel free to fork, star, create pull requests, etc.
Creating Our Perfect Scheduler
As I mentioned earlier, we are creating a Windows service with Asp.Net core. Technically there is no straight way to do this, as the Windows service with Asp.Net core template is not available in Visual Studio.
So we will be creating an Asp.Net console application and then installing an executable file generated as a Windows service.
Creating an Asp.Net Console Application
Open Visual Studio, search for the project template Console App (.Net Core), and name the solution as per your convenience. I am naming this project Perfect Scheduler, as I am thinking that we can make this Windows service perfect by creating many pull requests.
Once you have created the application, install all of our dependencies so that we don’t need to worry about them later.
Write the Service
As we have installed all of our dependencies, we are ready to create our service. Add a new class with the name BackupService
and inherit the same from IHostedService
, which is part of Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting namespace.
IHostedService
has two methods in it as follows, so we should implement them in our service class:
StartAsync
The StartAsync method can be implemented as follows:
As you can see in the first line of the above code, we are getting the scheduler of Quartz. Let’s create a method and return a scheduler:
The next step is to build a service provider so that we can inject our dependencies using Constructor Dependency Injection. By default Quartz is not doing this, so we have to build the configuration our own.
As you can see, we have configured the services for DailyJob
, WeeklyJob
, MonthlyJob
, and HelperService
. We will be creating these Classes and Interfaces very soon.
Once we get the Service Provider, we can pass this to our Custom Job Factory, which we will be implementing soon. Now, we can start the scheduler and schedule our jobs, please make sure that you are using different Identity names for both Triggers and Jobs. The samples are given below:
StopAsync
The StopAsync
method can be implemented as follows:
Creating the JobBuilders and TriggerBuilders
Now we can create the Interfaces and Classes for our Jobs, which are Daily, Weekly, and Monthly. To do so, create a new folder called Helpers and another folder called Interfaces inside. Below are the Interfaces you need to create.
IDailyJob
IWeeklyJob
IMonthlyJob
IHelperService
Create a Custom Job Factory
To implement the Dependency Injection, we need to create our own custom job factory. Create a class inside the Helper folder as follows:
Implement the Job Builder Interfaces
Now it is time to implement our Daily, Weekly, and Monthly job builders.
DailyJob
WeeklyJob
MonthlyJob
We have configured separate classes for each of the jobs with the dependency IHelperService
injected via constructor. In the future, we should be able to write custom logic for each job here as they are in separate classes.
Implement HelperService
Before we start implementing this service let us configure the NLog now as we will be writing logs from this class.
Configure NLog
To configure NLog, create a new configuration file NLog.config
and edit the content as shown:
Now, create a method SetUpNLog()
and add the codes as below:
Please make sure that you have already added a property ILogger _logger
.
We can implement the HelperService
as follows with all the necessary private and public methods:
The method PerformService
(string schedule) will be called for every schedule and it will make sure that the below tasks are performed.
- Zip the folder and save the file to a particular directory
- Upload the zipped file to the Azure blob storage
Here, the values of the variable and the blob storage container names are the same, either daily, weekly, or monthly.
Remember to set the values for the FolderToZipLocation
(where the location the file should be saved), FolderFromZipLocation
(from where the files should be taken), and StorageConnectionString
in the App.config
file.
Setting Up The Program
As you know, the Program
class is the start of our console application, now it is time to call our BackupService
from the Program
class. Let us edit the code of the Program
class seen below:
If we are running the application locally/debug, we are calling the extension method RunConsoleAsync()
or else we call our own custom extension method RunTheServiceAsync()
. The line services.AddHostedService()
is very important as this is where we register our IHostedService
, which is BackupService
. Below is the code for our extension method:
The ServiceLifetime
class is where we override the methods from the ServiceBase
class. The implementation is as follows:
Creating the Windows Service
As we have already created the Asp.Net Core console application, now it is time to create a windows service from it. Make sure that you had set the RuntimeIdentifier
to win7-x64
and SelfContained
to true
in the properties of your project, this will make sure that all of your dependencies are being added to your executable file so that you don’t need to worry about handling your dependencies manually. To do so, right click on the project and click on Edit Project File. In the end, your csproj
file should be similar to:
Create the Release Configuration
You should also run the dotnet publish
command with the release configuration before you try to install the service, because you need this executable file to install the service.
Open the command prompt with administrator privilege and go to the project root folder using the cd
command. Run the command dotnet publish --configuration=release
.
This will generate everything you wanted. If you run the command correctly, you should see this output:
Now go to the bin
folder and then release
folder, you should see a folder with the name netcoreapp2.1
. Inside the folder, there will be a folder named win7-x64
, this is the folder where your .exe file, log file, and other items reside.
Install the Service
To install our Asp.Net console application as a Windows service, you can use the sc
command. Open the command prompt with administrator privilege and run the command:
Giving Permission to the Folders
Sometimes you may get a permission issue in your service as it doesn’t have enough permission to read the files from the C drive. To overcome this, you should give enough permission to the user. You can do this by editing the security properties of those folders.
Do the same for the BackupZip
folder as well.
Output
If you run the service correctly, you should see a log file with the name backupclientlogfile.txt
inside your win7-x64 folder
. Once the service is run, the logs will be written as follows.
You can also check your Azure Storage account to check whether the files have uploaded correctly or not.